Europe

Was Britain's reputation as the champion of Italian independence really warranted? Giuseppe Garibaldi was undoubtedly popular with Britons, but Peter Clements is sceptical.

The warship Implacable was scuttled on December 2nd, 1949.

Cressida Trew, winner of this year's Julia Wood Essay Prize, shows that Polish historians under political duress and with the need to forge a positive national identity have denied rather than confronted the Holocaust. 

John Gardiner searches for the historical moment when our Victorian forebears went missing from the popular consciousness.

October 31st, 1899

Jim Kelsey uncovers a unique Anglo-Saxon collection, enabled by a supportive local council.

The sorry history of ethnic conflict in the Balkans, concluding that forgeign intervention has needlessly fanned the flames of nationalism.

Adrian Mourby looks at the long line of history operas inspired by the works of the German romantic poet Friedrich Schiller and finds Hollywood is still inspired by Schiller’s style.

Obituary of the late Art and Production Editor of History Today

Jan Herman Brinks examines the Dutch myth of resistance and finds collaboration with the Nazis went right to the top.