Political

The Turkish Language Reform

As a means of national survival, write Diana Spearman and M. Naim Turfan, Atatürk preached the whole-hearted acceptance of contemporary civilization.

The Spanish Sickness

Geoffrey Treasure describes how the imperial policies of Charles V and Philip II declined in the seventeenth century and Spain entered an extended period of depression.

The Panjdeh Crisis, 1885

J.M. Brereton describes how Russian advances in Central Asia alarmed the British authorities in London as well as in India.

The Opponents of King John

For the cogent reasons explained here by Anthony Beadles, the revolt against King John was led largely by the Northern barons.

The Malayan Raj

A.J. Stockwell examines the life and work of the British in Malaya before independence was declared, in 1957.

The London Greyfriars

L.W. Cowie describe show the Franciscans came to London in the thirteenth century and founded a highly patronised friary.