Political

By victory in the war of 1870, writes Harold Kurtz, Bismarck secured German unity at the expense of France.

Harold Kurtz offers the background to the Franco-Prussian War.

Fourteen years before the French Revolution, writes Felice Harcourt, the son of a Belgian nobleman joined the court of the Bourbons.

Michael Glover investigates the early modern sources of the English reputation as the most indefatigable writers of letters in the world.

David Mitchell describes the postwar peace-making efforts employed by Woodrow Wilson in 1919.

In the thirteenth century, writes Diana E. Greenway, one of the Bishops in the important see of Winchester was a rich and noble monk; the second a warrior accountant turned prelate.

Ross Watson describes how Jefferson came to English shores on public business, but travelled widely, and made many purchases.

Francis J. Bremer introduces a true Renaissance man; Thomas Hariot, man of action and ideas.

From their origins in the 13th century until the suppression of the Sufis by Atatürk, the whirling dervishes symbolized their beliefs through their ecstatic dances.

Defeated in the field, Germany sought peace. But, writes John Terraine, her proposals for a negotiated peace were rejected by the Allies.