Germany

Graham Noble illustrates Luther's anti-Jewish views and distinguishes them from those of the Nazis.

A.D. Harvey assesses the role of the Soviet Air Force in the defeat of Nazism.

Richard Overy argues that the lesson Hitler Drew from 1914-18 was not that a major war should be avoided, but that Germany should prepare more systematically so that, next time, she would win.

Sean Lang has built his passion for history on several key experiences, both in terms of teaching and learning.

John Erickson reviews the recent controversies surrounding Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union.

Daniel Snowman previews a new exhibition in Berlin.

Peter H. Wilson suggests that the aggressiveness of Wilhelmine Germany was not necessarily a direct consequence of the Prussian social system of the eighteenth century.

John Claydon charts a course across the complex minefield of Nazi historiography.

Edgar Feuchtwanger assesses Bismarck's controversial career and legacy.

Timothy Benson assesses Hitler's irritated reaction to being lampooned by David Low of the Evening Standard.