Spain's Islamic Legacy
Akbar Ahmed looks at the legacy of a Moorish past for the present Spain.
Spain
Spain's Forgotten Naval Renaissance
Hearts of oak - but those of the Don, not John Bull. John Harbron argues for a revaluation of the expertise, both of men and materiel, which made Spain a formidable naval foe on the eve of Trafalgar.
Humanist, Inquisitor, Mystic: Cardinal Jimenez de Cisneros
Felipe Fernandez-Armesto explores the horizons, activities and seeming contradictions of pre-Reformation Spain's cleric-of-all-trades.
The Lurch Into War
In May of 1588, Spain's great Armada set sail, bent on the invasion and conquest of Elizabethan England. Simon Adams re-examines the strategic considerations that underpinned the actions of both England and Spain before and after the Armada.
The Cid of History and the History of Cid
A myth for all seasons - the treatment through the centuries of Spain's medieval hero as a blend of Robin Hood and King Arthur provides revealing insights into the political needs of both his contemporary and more recent biographers.
The Road to a Popular Front
Helen Graham on the political coalitions in Spain in the 1930s and their role in blocking Fascism.
Spain 1936: From Coup d'Etat to Civil War
Paul Preston follows the unsettled road leading to the clash between the Republicans and Nationalists.
Barricades against Fascism: The Popular Front in Europe
Paul Preston and Helen Graham discuss the tension developing in the Europe of the 30s as the Left attempted to unite against the growth of Fascism and the bloody timetable of political collapse, uprisings and mutiny that transformed a half-successful coup d'etat into a protracted civil war.
Franco: The Patient Dictator
Paul Preston assesses how time has obscured the legacy of the Spanish military rebel and leader.
Franco and World War Two
Franco's traditional image has been as a canny neutral in the struggle between the Allied and Axis powers. But in 1940 his aspirations for an African empire drew him to within an ace of war with Britain.