Feature Violent Ends Early modern methods of execution were carefully calculated to inflict shame upon the condemned. Una McIlvenna | Published in History Today Volume 72 Issue 8 August 2022 To continue reading this article you need to purchase a subscription, available from only £5. Start my trial subscription now If you have already purchased access, or are a print & archive subscriber, please ensure you are logged in. Please email digital@historytoday.com if you have any problems. RenaissanceCrime Related Articles How To Get Away with Murder Violence and the Law in Medieval England Popular articles Why Do Religions Decline? The Iron Amir: Britain’s Afghan Legacy