Religion

Richard Cavendish remembers the death of England's only pope, on September 1st, 1159.

Simon Lemieux examines examples of German Protestant propaganda.

Did the first Christian Roman emperor appropriate the pagan festival of Saturnalia to celebrate the birth of Christ? Matt Salusbury weighs the evidence.

The continuing use of AD and BC is not only factually wrong but also offensive to many who are not Christians.

Lucy Wooding introduces a highly significant, but often much misunderstood, cultural force.

Disillusionment with Iran’s secular king brought the Islamists to power in 1979. Will the population now oust the ruling theocracy, asks Baqer Moin?

Christians have long relied on scribes’ copies of Biblical texts; J. K. Elliot describes how the Codex Sinaiticus, discovered in 1844, dates from the fourth century.

In the first millennium, Christianity spread east from Palestine to Iraq, and on to India and China, becoming a global religion accepting of, and accepted by, other faiths. But with the Mongol invasions of the 13th century, Christianity’s eastern journey came to an end. Philip Jenkins recovers this lost history.

The life of a most pious Christian saint, who died on April 21st, 1109.