Germany

Joseph Haydn and the German Nation

A subject and servant of Europe’s most cosmopolitan empire, the composer Joseph Haydn played an important role in the emergence of German cultural nationalism during the 18th and 19th centuries, writes Tim Blanning.

France’s Prussian Nemesis

Mark Bryant on how French cartoonists of the 1870s responded to national humiliation at the hands of a beligerent Prussia.

The Munich Conference

The agreement permitting Germany’s annexation of the Sudetenland was signed on 29 September 1938.