Europe

Joanna Richardson explains how, in Brazil, Damascus and Trieste Isabel Burton accompanied her husband on many of his travels and was his devoted business manager.

Charles Johnston describes how, in the fourth century A.D., the Roman Empire was near its end, but its sophisticated life found a lucid recorder in Ammianus of Antioch. 

Though originally seen as ‘monstrous excrescences of nature’, Ronald Rees writes, mountains came into their own during the eighteenth century and began to inspire poetic awe and reverence.

The grandson of the famous scholar Ausonius, Paulinus was a cultivated country gentleman, who lived to see the final breakdown and disintegration of the Roman way of life. By Charles Johnston.

Derek Severn explains how the third husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, spent his final ten years as a prisoner of state in Denmark.

David Woodward describes how, throughout the First World War, the King remained on the narrow strip of Belgium between Ypres and the sea which remained in Allied hands.

2000 years ago, writes William Y. Willetts, magnificent Silks from China began to reach the wealthy families of Rome.

Emile de Groot on the often fractious but ever-intimate relationship between European powers and Egypt.

G.H.L. LeMay sets the unique military features of Napoleonic France against those of the eighteenth century at large.

Up to the reign of James II, the College of Heralds, besides the part they played on state occasions, had the important duty of regulating the kingdom’s social structure, as Anthony R. Wagner here documents.