England

Anglo-Saxons: The Making of England

When did England become England? Was Alfred really the great ruler of all the English - or was it just a question of clever Wessex PR? Patrick Wormald investigates the myths and realities of unification in Anglo-Saxon England.

Mary Tudor and the Re-Catholicisation of England

Has our image of Henry VIII's elder daughter as 'Bloody Mary', burning Protestants and unhappily married to Philip of Spain, clouded our assessment of how close she came to restoring the old religion? 

Turner and Shakespeare's Jessica

Andrew Wilton discusses a picture that shows the great landscape painter in a role removed from his stereotype, and which tells us much about the changing mores and aspirations of 'Middlemarch' England. 

Amsterdam and William III

Without the economic muscle of the Netherlands' largest city, William III would never have been able to stage Britain's 'Glorious Revolution' or urge European war against Louis XIV. But his relationship with Amsterdam's burghers was far from smooth, as Elizabeth Edwards outlines here.