Military

A. Compton Reeves describes the events of 1435, the year when the rule of the house of Lancaster began to decline in England as well as France.

D.G. Chandler introduces Marlborough; a man, ‘whose mind was not confined to battle ... at once a captain and a diplomatist,’ as Napoleon a century later said of the British commander.

Ivan Morris describes how the idea of heroic failure has always exerted a strong hold on the Japanese imagination.

David Weigall describes a period when women emerged in politics as lively petitioners.

Towards the end of the fifteenth century, writes E.R. Chamberlin, a young French King took advantage of the Italian ‘genius for dissension’.

Peter Partner describes how resentment against the exile of the Papacy in Avignon led to the ‘War of the Eight Saints’ in 1375 by the ‘Guelf’ cities of Italy.

S.G.F. Brandon marked the nineteenth centenary of the fall of the Holy City.

Soon after their humiliating reverse at Weardale, writes I.M. Davis, the English recognized Scottish independence in the Treaty of Northampton.

Falkland’s death alone, wrote Clarendon, would have branded the Civil Wars as ‘infamous and execrable’. Desmond Henry asks whether the young man sought to end his own life in a mood of deep depression?

Aram Bakshian Jr. asserts that the impression of the Prince as a dashing cavalry commander scarcely does justice to the whole man.