Military

The Maps of Waterloo

During the campaign of 1815, writes Michael Glover, Wellington was handicapped by a shortage of military maps.

The Mamluk Sultans: 1250-1517

During the Mamluk Sultanate, writes P.M. Holt, men imported as slaves and trained as warriors became rulers of a great Islamic state.

The Legacy of Attalus

Pergamon became independent in the third century B.C.; Philip E. Burnham describes how its last king bequeathed his territory to Rome, and whence the Roman occupation of Asia began.

The Disaster at T’u Mu

That an occupant of the Celestial Throne should fall into the hands of the barbarians was an unprecedented catastrophe. Nora C. Buckley describes how the situation was cleverly dealt with by his ministers.

The Aftermath of Nivelle

John Terraine describes how the Allied offensive of spring 1917 promised victory but ended in failure and mutiny.