USA

Of the many immigrants from the United Kingdom who took up arms in the war, only a small number were English. 

The notorious prison was closed for good on 21 March 1963.

In 1952, the Society of Friends celebrated its tercentenary. One of the Quakers' greatest achievements was the founding of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1681. By Henry J. Cadbury.

The Russians were among the first Europeans to sense California's potential. Had they not sold their settlement there in 1841, the world could have been a different place.

Only a staff composed of men of military genius, and backed by a decisive and imaginative government at Westminster, could have secured a victory in the American War of Independence. Eric Robson reflects on how men of considerable talent, and of much good-will, failed in an impossible task.

Peter Mandler explains how the anthropologist Margaret Mead, author of best-selling studies of ‘primitive’ peoples, became a major influence on US military thinking during the Second World War.

Who is and who is not an American? The question goes back to the Revolution. The answer is always changing, says Tim Stanley.

The celebrated little person was married on February 10th, 1863.

An acute commentator on the French Revolution and on the development of the United States, Tocqueville foresaw a century ago many of the political and social problems that face democracy today. Gordon Philo introduces his life and career.

An acceptable minister in peace-time, Lord North’s misfortune was to hold office at the time of the American Revolution and War, as Eric Robson here shows.