England

An English Arctic Expedition: 1553

James Marshall-Cornwall describes a Tudor adventure, ultimately unsuccessful: Willoughby perished on the Kola peninsula; Chancellor reached Moscow and was received by Ivan the Terrible.

Zola in England

Joanna Richardson describes the two visits of Zola to England. The writer first arrived in 1893 and again, five years later, during the Dreyfus Case.

York Minster before the Reformation

York Minster was dedicated in 1472 after two and a half centuries of building. L.W. Cowie describes how it still affords insight into medieval life.

William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

William Augustus was he first of the house of Hanover to be born in England. Rex Whitworth describes how, politically, the Duke became almost First Minister of the Crown.

The Prince Regent’s Cook

Born in Brunswick, Louis Weltje became cook to the Prince of Wales in the 1780s and landlord of his Marine Pavilion at Brighton. L.W. Cowie describes his life and times.

The English Medieval Windmill

Windmills abounded in England from the twelfth century onwards. Terence Paul Smith describes how their bodies usually revolved on a vertical post so that the miller could face the sails into the wind.

The English Earthquake of 1580

Alan Haynes describes how this ‘wondrous, violent motion’ caused widespread alarm and produced a flood of moral and religious homilies.