The Politics of Culture: Joseph II's German Opera
Elizabeth Manning looks at how an Enlightenment ruler enlisted opera in his struggle to homogenise and reinforce the Habsburg empire.
Austria
A Patriot for Whom? Colonel Redl and a question of Identity
Alan Sked looks at the sensational leaking of Austrian military secrets to Russia on the eve of the First World War.
The Siege of Vienna: 1683’s Winners and Losers
The defeat of the Ottoman army outside the gates of Vienna in 1683 is usually regarded as the beginning of the decline of the Ottoman Empire. But how significant was it really, and for whom?