History Today

Women Aviators in Pre-War France

In the years after the First World War, aviation became the most exciting form of transport, the spirit of a new age; but for French women, as Sian Reynolds explains, it was also a paradigm of their struggle for equality.

George Washington's New Clothes

200 years on, the 'inferior endorsements' that Washington brought to the first Presidential inauguration can be seen, Esmond Wright argues, as extraordinarily successful in setting constitutional precedents that have endured in the United States.

Revenge and Reconciliation

Longevity, not magnanimity, was the hallmark of the victorious Franco. Paul Preston reviews the legacies of the Civil War in the Spain the General ruled for nearly forty years.

Why the Republic lost

Divided, outmanned and lacking international support – Paul Heywood argues the wonder was not that the Republic lost to Franco, but that it held out for so long.