History Review

Ian Thatcher argues that surface similarities between the regimes of Hitler and Stalin disguise deep-seated differences.

Russel Tarr considers key issues from the life of the famous Cardinal.

Roger Price examines the career of Louis-Napoleon, the nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, and his position in French historiography.

Elliot Richman provides a useful strategy for the ultimate test.

Martyn Bennett examines how the terminology we use about the great conflict of the mid-seventeenth century reflects and reinforces the interpretations we make.

The editor, Robert Pearce, has kept the best reference books for himself.

Mark Rathbone examines the varied reputation of John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland.

Simon Lemieux examines the hard facts about the Inquisition and counters the common caricature.

F.G. Stapleton examines the momentous social and political consequences of Germany's spectacular economic growth.

The essay entitled 'How important was the press in the desacralisation of the French monarchy in 1789?', by Olivia Grant of St Paul's Girls' School, was awarded the Julia Wood Prize out of 136 entries. An edited version appears below; a second award was made to Richard Eschwege of City of London School for an essay on Pope Gregory VII.