Roman Portrait Busts

‘One cannot imagine’, somebody said, ‘any Greek statue carrying on an intelligent conversation.’ That is, on the whole, true of the statues and sculptured heads of classical Greece, one of which, the Pericles of Cresilas (known to us from copies), Sir Mortimer Wheeler rather sacrilegiously described as ‘intellectually a barber’s dummy’: in no way reproducing the individual creative intellect that gave us fifth-century Athens.

Nor, indeed, was that the aim of the Athenian sculptor, who sought to present an ideal picture, a figure that displayed a generalized, overall balance and harmony. A hundred years later, and more emphatically still during the last centuries before our era, there was a change, or several changes. The sculptors of Hellenistic Greece, like the biographers of that same individualistic epoch, increasingly desired to stress the unique, private pattern of the personage whom they were depicting.