The English Mercenary Companies in Italy
‘The Italianized Englishman is a devil incarnate,’ said Italians of the Renaissance, remembering the blood-thirsty exploits of English mercenary soldiers.
E.R. Chamberlin
The Death and Resurrection of Rome
From A.D. 400, writes E.R. Chamberlin, imperial Rome was subject to pillage and plunder, but Popes in the Renaissance destroyed in order to rebuild.
The French Invasion of Italy, 1494
Towards the end of the fifteenth century, writes E.R. Chamberlin, a young French King took advantage of the Italian ‘genius for dissension’.
Pope Silvester II
At the end of the tenth century, writes E.R. Chamberlin, a gifted French Pope aided the bold designs of an ambitious German Emperor.
The Origins of the Papal Schism
E.R. Chamberlin recounts the Babylonian captivity, as Petrarch described it, which lasted in Avignon for seventy-four years.