Starting the Cold War
Geoffrey Roberts explains when and why the Cold War began.
Issue 38 December 2000
Counter-Reformation and Catholic Reformation Revisited
Michael Mullett shows how the reform of the Catholic Church in sixteenth-century Europe sprang from medieval origins but that, in important ways, it was affected by the Protestant Reformation.
Russia's First Revolution
John Morison shows how an accumulation of grievances resulted in a spontaneous revolution in Russia in 1905.
The Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921
Michael Morrogh explains the significance of Lloyd George's answer to the Irish question.
Charles V - Universal Soldier
To mark the quincentenary of the birth in 1500 of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Glenn Richardson examines the emperor's ambitions and achievements.
Prohibition in the United States
Jenny Bryce asks why the Americans introduced the 18th Amendment when the historical evidence suggested it was doomed to failure. This essay won the Julia Wood prize in 2000.
From Old to New Poor Law
Graham Goodlad considers the background to the reform of the Poor Law in 1834 and its impact on society.
How Much Historiography Should Be Included in Essays?
John Claydon provides practical guidance on a vexed issue.
The Yorkist Kings and Foreign Policy
Jonathan Lewis points to the centrality of foreign policy in the making and unmaking of English kings in the fifteenth century.