Volume 51 Issue 11 November 2001

Isabel de Madariaga looks at the personality and achievement of the controversial Empress of Russia.

Paul Brassley puts MAFF's policy towards Foot and Mouth Disease into historical perspective.

Richard Wilkinson considers the character and standing of the much-despised Nazi Foreign Minister.

Richard Overy argues that the lesson Hitler Drew from 1914-18 was not that a major war should be avoided, but that Germany should prepare more systematically so that, next time, she would win.

Jason Edwards takes a fresh look at attitudes to the nude in Victorian art, to coincide with Tate Britain's major exhibition on the subject opening this month.

Paul Preston looks at the continued interest in the 1930s conflict, the subject of a new exhibition at the Imperial War Museum.

The queen gave her last speech to Parliament on November 30th, 1601.

The first Christian missionary to the country, Francis Xavier, departed from Japan on November 21st, 1551, having made perhaps some 2,000 converts.

Kate Greenaway, 'the uncrowned queen of the golden age of children's book illustration', died of cancer, aged fifty-four, on November 6th, 1901.

Christopher Haigh reflects on the life and work of the great Tudor historian, who died in July.